Journal des maladies infectieuses et de la thérapie

Abstrait

Tetanus at Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Center in Ouagadougou from 2000 to 2014

Sondo KA, Zoungrana J, Savadogo M, Hien SJM, Diallo I, Poda A, Ouédraogo AG, Diendéré EA, Sanou AS, Ngaha LA, Kaboré M, Kyelem CG, Ouédraogo MS and Drabo YJ

Introduction/Mission: In Burkina Faso, tetanus remains a public health problem. The aim of the study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary profile of tetanus at the Yalgado University Hospital Center in Ouagadougou.
Patients and methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study of tetanus cases admitted in the department of infectious diseases from January 2000 to June 2014. The data were collected from the clinical records of hospitalized patients.
Results: The frequency of tetanus in the hospital was 2.6% and the average admission was 10.2 cases per year. Of the 92 cases of tetanus reported, the mean age was 29.2 ± 18.8 years. The group age of 15-45 accounted for 62% of the patients. Farmers (36.5%), unemployed (28.5%) and informal sector workers (21.5%) were the most represented occupations. The patients were mostly unvaccinated against tetanus (97.8%). The main points of entry were integumentary (68%) and surgical (16.5%). Complications were mostly infectious (14%) and the lethality was 35.5%.
Conclusion: Tetanus is endemic in Burkina Faso and affects the active layer of the population. Sensitization of populations on the interest of anti-tetanus prophylaxis is essential.