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Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection: Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy

TakuA Obara

The current study's aim was to evaluate the clinical features and treatment of males who have sex with men who have community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections. Patients with MRSA that was culture-proven between November 2004 and December 2005 at Maple Leaf Medical Clinic (Toronto, Ontario) were the subject of a retrospective chart examination. Individual doctors and system queries in the clinical management system were used to find cases. Patient demographics, potential MRSA risk factors, and the course of their disease were all recorded on a standard data collection form.

Methicillin-resistant as one of the main culprits causing nosocomial and community infections, Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in humans and animals is alarming. Additionally, there are few therapeutic alternatives due to MRSA's slightly rising medication resistance. This study focuses on determining the incidence of MRSA in shrines, an environment where frequent interactions between people and animals might spread diseases, genes, and germs that are resistant to antibiotics. Between March 2018 and May 2018, 120 environmental swabs were collected from specific locations. Gram staining, standard biochemical testing and growth on mannitol salt agar (MSA) were used to identify Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA, respectively. The disc diffusion method was used to assess the antibiotic susceptibility of S. aureus isolates. Methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and MRSA proportions were 19% and 81%, respectively; isolates from Thapathali had a high prevalence of MRSA (28.6%). MSSA isolates exhibited a high level of erythromycin resistance (64.7%). The MRSA isolates tested negative for ciprofloxacin (25%), erythromycin (50%), gentamicin (50%), and cotrimoxazole (25%). Linezolid (100%), clindamycin (100%), ciprofloxacin (75%), erythromycin (50%), tetracycline (100%), and cotrimoxazole (75%), among other antibiotics, were all effective against the isolates. Gentamicin (50% resistance) also exhibited intermediate resistance. Inducible clindamycin resistance (ICR) was present in 6 (54.5%) of the 11 MSSA isolates that were both erythromycin- and clindamycinsensitive. It was also present in 2 MRSA isolates that were both erythromycin- and clindamycin-sensitive. Only two MRSA isolates produced -lactamase, as opposed to fifteen MSSA isolates that were -lactamase positive. Only a little amount of study has been done on infectious diseases that affect both primates and animals. This study reveals that MRSA/MSSA is widespread in the shrines, which may be a key location for infection transmission between people and monkeys.