Progrès dans la science et la technologie des cultures

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Genetic Divergence and Principal Component Analysis of Soybean Glycine max L Merrill Genotypes in Northwestern Ethiopia

Asmamaw Amogne Mekonen

The volume of Soybean production and productivity in Ethiopia is low as compared to the world average potential due to less diversified soybean genotypes. Despite the increment of soybean production and productivity in national level, it remains low as compared to the world average potential. The reason behind is due to a lack of diversified soybean genotype access and released varieties genetic potential reductions. Hence, genotypes which have not been characterized clustered and tested for their variability subjected for this study. About Eighty-one (81) genotypes were tested in a 9*9 simple lattice design for their variability and relation of among traits using yield and yield related traits, qualitative, and quality traits at Pawe Agricultural Research Center main station and Dibate substation in 2018-2019 cropping season. The analysis of variance revealed that all traits except number of nodules per plant, number of pods plant-1 and number of seeds pod-1 showed highly significant (p<0.01) differences at both tested locations. Sixty three and sixty five percent of variations, from the total, were observed from the 1st 4 PCAs for Pawe and Dibate, respectively. Cluster analysis showed about four different clusters and the maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster I and cluster IV (D2=875.31) at Pawe and between cluster II and cluster IV (D2=1227.68) at Dibate. Though the experiment conducted at two locations genotypes variableness would not be realized in a single season since most of the traits are profoundly polygenic. In this regard, additional testing in different seasons and more locations is required.