Chirurgie du cancer

Abstrait

Exploring the Anti-Tumor Effects of Medical Cannabis on Cancer Cells- Cancer Research & Pharmacology, March 26-27, 2018 Edinburgh, Scotland

Liran Baram

Cannabis, otherwise called weed, began in Central Asia yet is developed overall today. In the United States, it is a controlled substance and is delegated a Schedule I specialist (a medication with a high potential for misuse, and no right now acknowledged clinical use). The Cannabis plant delivers a sap contain psychoactive mixes called cannabinoids, notwithstanding different mixes found in plants, for example, terpenes and flavonoids. The most elevated grouping of cannabinoids is found in the female blossoms of the plant. Clinical preliminaries directed on therapeutic Cannabis are restricted. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not endorsed the utilization of Cannabis as a treatment for any ailment. To direct clinical medication examine with Cannabis in the United States, specialists must document an Investigational New Drug (IND) application with the FDA, get a Schedule I permit from the U.S. Medication Enforcement Administration, and get endorsement from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. Cannabis has for quite some time been known to restrain or forestall queasiness and heaving, absence of hunger, and agony. Therefore, cannabinoids have been effectively utilized in the treatment of a portion of the undesirable symptoms brought about by malignant growth chemotherapy. Other than their palliative impacts, explore from the previous two decades has shown their promising potential as antitumor operators in a wide assortment of tumors. Cannabinoids of endogenous, phytogenic, and manufactured nature have been appeared to affect the multiplication of malignant growth through the balance of various proteins associated with the endocannabinoid framework, for example, the G protein–coupled receptors CB1, CB2, and GRP55, the ionotropic receptor TRPV1, or the unsaturated fat amide hydrolase (FAAH). In this article, we expect to basically arrange the antitumor cannabinoid chemotypes depicted so far as per their objectives and kinds of malignancy. In a medication disclosure approach, there in silico pharmacokinetic profile has been assessed so as to recognize suitable medication like profiles, which ought to be considered for additional advancement toward the facility. This investigation may give auxiliary experiences into the determination of explicit cannabinoid platforms for the advancement of antitumor medications for the treatment of specific kinds of malignant growth. The potential advantages of restorative Cannabis for individuals living with malignant growth incorporate antiemetic impacts, craving incitement, help with discomfort, and improved rest. Albeit scarcely any pertinent studies of training designs exist, apparently doctors thinking about malignant growth patients in the United States who suggest therapeutic Cannabis do so prevalently for indication the board. A developing number of pediatric patients are looking for indication help with Cannabis or cannabinoid treatment, Cannabis plants contain more than 150 phytocannabinoids which are presumed to have bioactive properties. Yet, the identification of Cannabis components is usually limited to several species. Recently, the therapeutic potential of these phytocannabinoids has been rediscovered in cancer research as these compounds were found to have palliative effects in oncology. Moreover, there is accumulating evidence showing antitumor effects. In response to phytocannabinoids, several studies showed a regression of different tumors in vivo. Further investigations in vitro have revealed that they can induce cell death and inhibit proliferation of cancer cells. The concentrations and combinations of various phytocannabinoids determine both medicinal and adverse effects in patients.

Non-CB1R, non-CB2R targets identified with the endocannabinoid framework have additionally been accounted for to be engaged with the anticancer activity of cannabinoids. For example, explicit impacts might be because of collaborations with catalysts of the endocannabinoid framework, for example, FAAH (unsaturated fat amide hydrolase), NAPE-PLD (N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D), MAGL (monoacylglycerol lipase), DAGL (diacylglycerol lipase), ABHD6 (α/β-hydrolase space containing 6), or ABHD12 (α/β-hydrolase area containing 12); with GPR55 or potentially GPR18, two putative cannabinoid vagrant G protein–coupled receptors; with transient receptor potential (TRP) channels (TRPV1–4, TRPM8, and TRPA1); or with COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2), among others.

Cannabis plants contain more than 150 phytocannabinoids which are presumed to have bioactive properties. Yet, the identification of Cannabis components is usually limited to several species. Recently, the therapeutic potential of these phytocannabinoids has been rediscovered in cancer research as these compounds were found to have palliative effects in oncology. Moreover, there is accumulating evidence showing antitumor effects. In response to phytocannabinoids, several studies showed a regression of different tumors in vivo. Further investigations in vitro have revealed that they can induce cell death and inhibit proliferation of cancer cells. The concentrations and combinations of various phytocannabinoids determine both medicinal and adverse effects in patients. Therefore, analyzing the chemical content of differing Cannabis plants is of major importance. The objective is to assess a variety of Cannabis preparations and to elucidate which factors are responsible for their antitumor effects, in order to better understand how Cannabis may effectively treat cancer.

We perfected extraction techniques and identified distinct compositions of 12 clinically-used Cannabis strains. We then explored the differential antitumor effects of these Cannabis extracts (differing in cannabinoid compositions) on 12 cancer cell lines. Results: Results indicated that certain Cannabis extracts have statistically different (p<0.0001) effects on cancer cell survival. In addition, differing cancer cell lines vary in sensitivity to various Cannabis extracts. For example, treatment with one Cannabis extract (4 µg/mL) resulted in cancer cell death ranging from 3% to 36% (LNCaP and PC3 cells, respectively). Furthermore, whole Cannabis extracts were found to be more potent at lower concentrations (4 µg/mL) in comparison to using pure Δ9THC (8 µg/mL) to produce the same amount of cell death when applied to specific cancer cell lines. Conclusion: Categorizing cancer cells according to their response to medicinal Cannabis will provide valuable information for the development specific Cannabis treatments for subgroups of cancer patients. For decades, cancer research has understandably been mainly focused on making sure as many people survive the disease as possible, but now with millions of cancer survivors in the world.